"the world is crazily different for tiny organisms (or other low-Reynolds number life)"

Interaction between alleles that leads to heritable changes in gene expression without changes in the associated DNA sequences.

"If I could do it all over again, and relive my vision in the 21st century, I would be a microbial ecologist. Ten billion bacteria live in a gram of ordinary soil [..] They represent thousands of species, almost none of which are known to science."

Shows the emerging necessity to create a formalized language designed to describe complicated systems of regulation of biochemical processes in living cells.

"The viability of our initial design suggests that the genomes encoding natural biological systems can be systematically redesigned and built anew in service of scientific understanding or human intention."

Construction of a chemical system capable of replication and evolution, fed only by small molecule nutrients, is now conceivable.

The process of self replication is not possible for quantum states, assuming either the linear structure of quantum theory, the principle of no signalling or conservation of entanglement is valid.

The Blue Brain Project is scheduled right now to last beyond 2015. By then, unless the project proves too ambitious, Markram and his team hope to be ready for their primary goal: a computer model of an entire human brain.

How evolution tunes the content and frequency of genetic variation to enhance its evolvability.

Für den Giessener Verhaltensbiologen Eckart Voland ist „Fortschritt“ der Evolution wesensfremd, nur wir Menschen hätten ihn strategisch als Idee konstruiert, um uns für die „Tretmühle des Lebens“ zu motivieren.

E-Cell Project is an international research project aiming to model and reconstruct biological phenomena in silico, and developing necessary theoretical supports, technologies and software platforms to allow precise whole cell simulation.

Researchers explain how enzymes use quantum tunneling to speed up reactions.