"a programming language and a virtual machine, similar to Java/JVM or C#/.NET, but with many advantages. While Java and C# are essentially small extensions to the 35-year-old C/C++ software paradigm, Evlan makes a point of being very different. Evlan attempts to take many of the cutting-edge ideas in the programming language world today and combine them into one unified system"

"a general purpose pure functional programming language with dependent types. Dependent types allow types to be predicated on values, meaning that some aspects of a program’s behaviour can be specified precisely in the type. It is compiled, with eager evaluation. Its features are influenced by Haskell and ML"

"a type-safe functional language that compiles to HTML, CSS, and JavaScript"

"a portable functional programming language that offers the advantages of pattern matching, l calculus consistency, macros, optional lazy evaluation and static type checking. Shen has the most powerful type system of any existing functional language, including ML and Haskell. Shen includes an integrated fully functional Prolog and an inbuilt compiler-compiler"

"a non-strict, pure functional programming language in the spirit of Haskell"

What an amazing resource. Every language needs a definitive, well-maintained guide like this one.

"an award-winning functional programming language that offers the best of Common Lisp with the advantages of pattern matching, l calculus consistency, and optional static type checking. It uses sequent calculus notation to define types, and has the most powerful type system of any existing functional language, including ML and Haskell."

"a library for lazy, functional programming in Javascript"

There are many de facto definitions, all of which fail to identify the important point to functional programming.

Can't download for whatever reason.

"The great insight is that better programs separate concerns."

"[an] HTTP library for web applications using the Scala Programming Language. It models a web application as a function :: Request -> Response rather than the more typical side-effecting procedure that accepts both a Request and Response to perform effects on the response. The Request and Response are modelled algebraically using Scala's closed algebraic data types"

"general-purpose language for probabilistic modeling, parameter estimation and decision making. It generalizes Bayesian networks, hidden Markov models, stochastic context free grammars, Markov decision processes, and allows many new possibilities."

"I hope this helps in reducing Haskell envy a little bit." Processing text with something like Unix pipes in OCaml.

"a programming language designed to introduce richer type system features into functional programming in the tradition of ML and Haskell. Ur is functional, pure, statically-typed, and strict. Ur supports a powerful kind of metaprogramming based on row types."

An exploration of why Scala's List library is implemented in a procedural style. The answer: performance. The commenters have some interesting alternate implementations.

"an innovative programming language that builds on a rich academic and practical tradition"

"an annual programming contest associated with the International Conference on Functional Programming"

"Introduces some of the essential tenets of functional programming and why they are important [...] draws on the existing Java knowledge of the audience to relate foreign concepts [...] then goes on to introduce the Scala programming language."

The functional bits of Scala: pattern matching, immutable variables, that sort of thing.

Worth it for the lazy evaluation joke.

Effectively, "how to change the main loop of an actor" in Scala.

I love shit like this: autovivication of hashes via the Y combinator. Check out zenspider's super clean, Lisp-bullshit-free implementation at the bottom.